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Platinum

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78 iridiumplatinumgold
Pd

Pt

Ds
General
Name, Symbol, Number platinum, Pt, 78


Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 10, 6, d
Appearance lustrous metallic
with a grayish tinge
File:Platinum crystals.jpg
Atomic mass 195.084(2) g/mol
Electron configuration [ Xe ], 4f14 5d9 6s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) ~21.45 g·cm-3 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. ~19.77 g·cm-3 g·cm−3
Melting point ~2041.4 K
(~1768.3 °C, ~3214.9 °F)
Boiling point ~4098 K
(~3825 °C, ~6917 °F)
Heat of fusion 22.17 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 469 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 25.86 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T/K 2330 2550 2815 3143 3556 4094
Atomic properties
Crystal structure face-centered cubic
Oxidation states 6,5,4, 3, 2, 1, -1, -2
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.28 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st: 870 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1791 kJ·mol−1
3rd: {{{3}}} kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 139 pm
Covalent radius 136±5 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 105 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 71.6 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 8.8 µm·m−1·K−1
Young's modulus 168 GPa
Shear modulus 61 GPa
Bulk modulus 230 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.38
Mohs hardness 4-4.5
Vickers hardness 549 MPa
Brinell hardness 392 MPa
CAS registry number 7440-06-4
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of Platinum
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
190Pt 0.014% 6.5×1011y α 3.18 186Os
192Pt 0.782% Pt is stable with 114 neutrons
193Pt syn 50 y ε  ? 193Ir
194Pt 32.967% Pt is stable with 116 neutrons
195Pt 33.832% Pt is stable with 117 neutrons
196Pt 25.242% Pt is stable with 118 neutrons
198Pt 7.163% Pt is stable with 120 neutrons
References


Platinum is element 78 on the periodic table. It is a transition metal, and, more specifically, a precious metal. It comes from the spanish word "platina" meaning little silver.1

Contents

PropertiesEdit

Platinum is a silvery metal, prized for its resistance to corrosion.

OccurenceEdit

ApplicationsEdit

Platinum is very expensive, but has many potential applications. It is used in fuel cells due to its decent conductivity and its resistance to corrosion. Its resistance in corrosion also makes it fit for jewelry and lab equipment.2 In addition, platinum is used in catalysts, like in cars.


When incandescent bulbs were being advanced by Thomas Edison, platinum was a potential ingredient for filaments, but lost out to improved carbon technology due to platinum's high price and low emission of light.

ReferencesEdit

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