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Lanthanum

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57 bariumlanthanumcerium
N/A

La

Ac
General
Name, Symbol, Number lanthanum, La, 57


Chemical series Lanthanides
Group, Period, Block 4, ?, d,f
Appearance Put description here
File:Lanthanum .jpg
Atomic mass 195.084(2) g/mol
Electron configuration [ Xe ], 6s2, 6d1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid




Density (near r.t.) ~21.45 g·cm-3 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. ~19.77 g·cm-3 g·cm−3
Melting point ~2041.4 K
(~1768.3 °C, ~3214.9 °F)
Boiling point ~4098 K
(~3825 °C, ~6917 °F)
Heat of fusion 22.17 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 469 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 25.86 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T/K 2330 2550 2815 3143 3556 4094
Atomic properties
Crystal structure face-centered cubic
Oxidation states 6,5,4, 3, 2, 1, -1, -2
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.28 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st: 870 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1791 kJ·mol−1
3rd: {{{3}}} kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 139 pm
Covalent radius 136±5 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 105 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 71.6 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 8.8 µm·m−1·K−1
Young's modulus 168 GPa
Shear modulus 61 GPa
Bulk modulus 230 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.38
Mohs hardness 4-4.5
Vickers hardness 549 MPa
Brinell hardness 392 MPa
CAS registry number 7440-06-4
Selected isotopes
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
190Pt 0.014% 6.5×1011y α 3.18 186Os
192Pt 0.782% Pt is stable with 114 neutrons
193Pt syn 50 y ε  ? 193Ir
194Pt 32.967% Pt is stable with 116 neutrons
195Pt 33.832% Pt is stable with 117 neutrons
196Pt 25.242% Pt is stable with 118 neutrons
198Pt 7.163% Pt is stable with 120 neutrons
References


Lanthanum is a Chemical element, and is number 57 on the periodic table with an atomic symbol of La. It belongs to group 3 of the periodic table and is a Lanthanide. In rare-earth minerals, it is usually found in combination with cerium, creating a metal-like ore.

It oxidizes rapidly when exposed to air. Small amounts of lanthanum added to steel improves its malleability, resistance to impact and ductility.


ReferencesEdit

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